Absolute zero temperature is taken as ______. Wet Steam: When steam contains water particles then it is known as Wet steam Dry Steam: When wet steam is further heated then all water particles get This process is repeated at numerous pressure and the point analogous to b and d duly noted, say down to point B. Due to this mist the wet steam is visible. Account Disable 12. Web 3 The Process Of Wet Steam Formation Is Called, 46 Metascore A guy who complains about God as well frequently is specified almighty This process goesuptoE. This vapour is known as steam. 7. is the enthalpy of liquid that is water at boiling point thats why subscript l is used, point D in h-T diagram. WebWhen steam condenses, its volume is dramatically reduced, which results in a localised reduction in pressure. The superheated vapor can not exist in contact with the fluid, nor contain fluid particles. The tiny drops of water condense on the particles to form cloud droplets. /LastChar 255 XL=:u("]H+?exZjF@qS7yqx8N\`da1z2J?A_^>>.{@p3#"~mLGA>t7h0'4~'[2F=f>tU0gM) Ucqn:X0tcun8m5]I qY\V% U]0F5M(V^U  3bg19J{P>YuhO1}kOYuF[w The difference between two specific heats, \({C_p} - {C_v} = \frac{R}{J}\). 37. WebThis set of Energy Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on Geothermal Energy. 11 0 obj x[Q6~Gw")J6msH^EqpVF&!ihZE7!gW=%e"zK Again a throttling expansion will be represented by a horizontal line on this diagram, as throttling process is a constant enthalpy (isenthalpic) or total heat process. The consequences of using wet steam in sterilization are: Regardless of the amount of moisture in microorganisms, saturated steam effectively transfers heat and kills microorganisms. When the vapor quality is equal to 0, it is the saturated liquid state (single-phase). Steam whose temperature comes higher than its vaporization point at the absolute pressure (where the temperature is measured) is superheated steam. View Answer, 6. For at a certain temperature, the saturated vapour will have a certain pressure (look at the values in the left hand column of the saturation tables). The resulting steam and water mixture is called as wet steam. The isothermal process is associated with: For which of the following substances, the internal energy and enthalpy are the functions of temperature only, SSC English Previous Year Questions Mock Test Series, SSC Reasoning Previous Year Questions Mock Test Series (17k+ Questions), A gas is allowed to expand in a well-insulated container against a constant external pressure of 2.5 atm from an initial volume of 2.50 L to a final volume of 4.50 L. The change in internal energy U of the gas in joules will be. SI unit is KJ. /FontBBox [-503 -313 1240 1026] Image Guidelines 4. /FontName /Calibri Let during the heating, process, T be the temperature and an infinitesimal heat Q is added and for the process 12; where the temperature changes from 0C (273K) to Tsat (saturation temperature at p). Draw a horizontal through TS and a vertical through point d let these lines intersect at e. Then the point e represents the condition of the superheated steam at pressure P1. Internal Energy and Entropy 5. WebSteam bubbles are produced at the heat-transfer surface, rising through the water and then leaving the water surface to enter the steam system. It is shown in Fig. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Sudden steam demand which leads to sudden boiling, presence of excessive foam filling the foam spare, and due to /Flags 262176 WebThe types of steam are-. Saturated Thus the steam consists of dry saturated and water particles in suspension. II) Volume When heat is applied to saturated vapour and to the liquid with which it is in contact, more liquid evaporates but the temperature remains constant. Due to the high velocity of steam flow, it remains in the single phase, which is called super-cooled steam. Evaporation from a fluid takes place when liquid molecules at the liquid surface have enough momentum to overcome the intermolecular cohesive forces and escape to the atmosphere. Conditions of Steam 2. The exam is scheduled to be held in October 2023. Similarly, In this process there is no change in elevation soz, , so the potential energy term is zero. Consider 1 kg steam at absolute pressure P1, the absolute temperature of formation at this pressure will be T1; the value of T1 can be obtained from the steam tables. d) none of the mentioned Bubbles produced in thewater due to heat and pass out with the steam. a) Hydrothermal energy. The values given in the tables are for one kg of dry and saturated steam but these values can also be employed for wet steam calculations. The actual enthalpy of evaporation of wet steam is the This set of Steam and Gas Turbines Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on Wet and Supersaturated Steam. The water vapor in the atmosphere is invisible and is often called moist. Similar constant pressure lines can be drawn for superheated steam at other pressures. The additional amount of heat supplied to the steam during superheating is called /StemV 165 Or how much steam is dry or in other words how much water vapour is present in steam. where hg is the enthalpy of one kg of dry saturated steam, the above formula can be written as. /Flags 262176 Superheated Steam: When dry saturated steam is heated to higher temperatures then steam obtained is in superheated state. liquid to vapour (steam) takes place. This curve is known as the dry steam line, and its horizontal distance from the vertical ordinate represents the total entropy of steam at any pressure. This steam has no liquid water particles in it. 10.7, m represents the state where Vf = 0.0010434 m3/kg at 1 bar pressure. We have seen that for each liquid, a certain definite boiling point exists for each pressure. endobj Constant volume-specific heats of incompressible substances depend on ______. WebWhile formation of HdPCH 3 from Pd and CH 4 is only weakly exothermic (28 kJ/mol), formation of HPdCH 2 CH 3 from Pd and C 2 H 6 is significantly more favorable (63 kJ/mol). <> 6 0 obj The steam table for saturated water is given in the table below. C is the critical point where pressure is 221.2 bar, saturation temperature is 374.15C and volume is 0.317 m3/kg. It is generally denoted by the letter x. Content Filtration 6. If we know the temperature and the pressure in the expansion chamber then we can tell if all of the steam has changed to vapour. If the system is suitably insulated then there is no heat transfer so Q= 0. Under these conditions, water exists in the liquid phase, and it is called a compressed liquid, meaning that it is not about to vaporize. Report a Violation 11. When the vapor quality is equal to 0, it is the saturated liquid state (single-phase). The drop in enthalpy during an adiabatic or isentropic expansion. Common terms in connection with vapor and steam: Add standard and customized parametric components - like flange beams, lumbers, piping, stairs and more - to your Sketchup model with the Engineering ToolBox - SketchUp Extension - enabled for use with the amazing, fun and free SketchUp Make and SketchUp Pro .Add the Engineering ToolBox extension to your SketchUp from the SketchUp Pro Sketchup Extension Warehouse! Fibre reinforced concrete provide better toughness to concrete. /LastChar 255 If heat is added to the wet steam temperature _________a) raises immediatelyb) decreases immediatelyc) raises after sometimed) none of the mentionedAnswer: cClarification: When heat is added to the steam immediately the liquid particles try to evaporate and form saturated steam only after that the temperature starts rising. QA Leopold Maxwell 04.06.2022 0 Comment The key difference between wet dry and superheated steam is that wet steam is at the boiling point of water and contains water droplets , and dry steam is at the boiling point of water but has no water droplets, whereas superheated steam is at a higher Which of the following gas leaked in the Bhopal Gas tragedy in December 1984? The resulting volume is known as Specific Volume of These tables are to be used because vapours do not obey general gas laws. If the steam at pressure P1 had been wet, with a dryness fraction of x, the entropy of evaporation would be . Since both are directly proportional then if we decrease pressure, boilingtemperaturedecreases and vice versa. /Flags 32 /StemV 87 Definition of dry steam: steam containing no free Highly superheated vapors are gases that approximately follow. Saturated steam is any steam which cannot have heat abstracted from it or be compressed at constant temperature without partially condensing. ---- >> Below are the Related Posts of Above Questions :::------>>[MOST IMPORTANT]<, Your email address will not be published. Coming back to steam table use, we can use either temperature tables or pressure tables. << A wet saturated vapor carries liquid globules in suspension. It contains just sufficient heat energy to maintain all the water in a gaseous state. 10.8. <> The point C will represent dry steam at pressure P1. The water vapor rises. The steam table for compressed water also exists for a wide range of temperature and pressure values, here only a limited range is being discussed. I) Mass View Answer, 10. /LastChar 255 The Mark III design consists of a primary containment and a drywell. /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding WebPriming: When steam is produced rapidly in boilers the steam velocity suddenly increases and some droplets of liquid water are carried along with steam. %PDF-1.5 Actually it has much broad definition in thermodynamics but for 1styear BME students this definition works just fine. It can be said that saturated state is a transition state of any liquid to gas or gas to liquid. 2 0 obj Steam contains more energy as it has both sensible heat and latent heat of vaporization. d) none of the mentioned When it reaches cooler air, it condenses to form clouds. endobj /Ascent 750 Now if we change the pressure then the boiling temperature also changes. Difference between two values at 10 and 10.5 is 772.03 762.61 = 009.42 kJ/kg. engineeringenotes.com All rights reserved. >> Question 139 1 / 1 pts Which of the following is correct regarding a wave in the open ocean? Flashcards. /Type /Font /FontName /TimesNewRomanPSMT However the dry steam i.e., in which the vaporization is complete is invisible or colorless. Ltd.: All rights reserved, Dalton's law states that the total pressure of the mixture of gases is equal to -. /BaseFont /TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT No wet cleaning in 8 years. Wet steam As In other words it is allowed to expand sufficiently so that all of the liquid part becomes vapour. If we know the pressure within the main steam supply pipe of the calorimeter then we can find the dry and wet saturation values of the enthalpy from the steam tables, hg1and hf1, respectively. Wet steam - a portion of the water Plagiarism Prevention 5. Actually it has much broad definition in thermodynamics but for 1, is the enthalpy of liquid that is water at boiling point thats why subscript l is used, point D in h-T diagram. The amount of superheat in steam is given in terms of the difference between its temperature and that of the saturated steam at the pressure of steam generation. This gives rise to a new type of steam. Prohibited Content 3. Subcooled water is used in expansion valve and compression safety. Concrete has Low specific strength. We can then find the dryness fraction from. The steam can be used in many industrial applications. c) inlet of the boiler Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boilers with wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system is a popular technology for SO2 removal in the coal-fired thermal power plant. WebThe wet bulb temperature of air is also measured by the ordinary thermometer, but the only difference is that the bulb of the thermometer is covered by the wet cloth. Conditions of Steam 3. Disclaimer 8. WebSaturated steam The steam existing at saturation temperature is called as saturated steam.The resulting steam and water mixture is called as wet steam. 9 0 obj /BaseFont /Calibri Pure substance is a substance consisting only of a single molecular species such as He, H2, H2O or NH3, phases of these substances being different namely solid, liquid and gaseous. How Bimetal-Type Thermostatic Steam Traps Work: A Look at their Mechanisms and Merits. /FontBBox [-519 -349 1263 1039] Privacy Policy 9. This condition of steam is obtained when it is cooled by its own expansion until it contains less heat energy than the saturated steam under the same conditions. Then af is the total entropy of the wet steam, and the dryness fraction is the ratio of bf to bc. It is the quantity of heat in kJ required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water from 0C to the saturation temperature at which water begins to boil at the given pressure P. The pressures are given in bar (105 N/m2) absolute. Quality is represented in percentage but meaning is same as x. The area of the chart to the right of the dry steam represents superheated steam, and is known as the area of superheat, or superheat region. Below given is the steam table for sub cooled water. So we are left with simply. WebA: The quality of the steam is water contains in the steam. This article discusses about steam table of water. It is denoted by H. Moist air technology is often called Air Psychrometrics. It is denoted by the letter hfg in steam tables. All particles are vaporized - any decrease in vapor temperature or increase in vapor pressure, condensates liquid particles in the vapor. For super-heated steam, different table is given. Saturated steam is pure steam at the temperature that corresponds to the boiling temperature of water at the existing pressure. If heat is supplied to the saturated vapour and to the liquid with which it is in contact, more liquid evaporates but the temperature remains the same. Test. Weba) Hardness should be below 0.2ppm. b) Its caustic alkalinity should lie between 0.15 to 0.45 ppm. endobj 12 0 obj The equilibrium occurs between the gaseous phase, that is, steam and the liquid state, that is, water. Entropy of wet steam. Similarly if heat is removed more of the vapour condenses but the temperature will remain constant. WebThe actual enthalpy of evaporation of wet steam is the product of the dryness fraction (X) and the specific enthalpy (h fg) from the steam tables. endobj WebA novel chemical looping (CL) process was demonstrated to produce acetaldehyde (AA) via oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethanol. If the temperature of steam is 100C higher than the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure of steam generation, we say that the steam has 100C of superheat. This steam is mostly used in Power generation. +Q4(IU"mEhp_1?Y=JqD,imXnd Yvfcp:v4/EC$?of?yPXK?@ftiN@7l@b=y[TlT9A35`uwm 26 These applications will - due to browser restrictions - send data between your browser and our server. Because of the heat of water, the pressure at the heat-transfer surface is slightly higher than the IT means that the temperature T4 (i.e. Steam of which the pressure is less than, equal to, or not greatly above, atmospheric pressure. Mixture of steam and liquid water is called as _________ /BaseFont /TimesNewRomanPSMT << /StemV 87 The values of h for a given value of pressure P and temperature tsup. 3.16. Where as dry steam is boiled steam and sometimes dry steam is also called as saturated steam. The value of mean specific heat of superheated steam Cp depends upon the degree of superheat and the pressure of steam generation. endobj Steamisusedfor generating power and also used in process industries such as sugar, paper, fertilizer, refineries, petrochemicals, chemical, food, synthetic fibre and textilesThefollowing characteristics of steam make it so popular and useful to the industry: Types:Wet steam, Dry steam, Superheated steam, Wet Steam:When steam contains water particles then it is known as Wet steam. It is the quantity of heat required to convert 1 kg of water at saturation temperature for a given pressure to one kg of dry saturated steam, at that pressure. FBiH Konkursi za turistike vodie i Webwet steam formation is called as. The final condition of the steam after expansion can also be read off from the diagram. /FontBBox [-558 -328 2000 1056] % The velocityC, , so the change in the kinetic energy is neglected. u qV5cohmM X._S]6N7gA|^|&K]L}A|M/?{L_ In the event that steam exists totally as vapours at saturation temperature, it is called superheated steam or superheated vapour, or dry steam. The total heat content of a substance is called enthalpy. At C it is zero. Created by. This curve is known as the saturation liquid line or simply liquid line. Enthalpy. c) remains constant Repeat this for other valves of Ts the temperature T1 remaining the same, as the pressure is constant. (ii) To force back the piston to increase the volume from that of water to that of steam. In order to determine the properties of steam at some intermediate pressure between those given in tables, we interpolate assuming the linear relation between these values. [507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 226 326 401 498 507 715 682 221 303 303 498 498 250 306 252 386 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 268 268 498 498 498 463 894 579 544 533 615 488 459 631 623 252 319 520 420 855 646 662 517 673 543 459 487 642 567 890 519 487 468 307 386 307 498 498 291 479 525 423 525 498 305 471 525 229 239 455 229 799 525 527 525 525 349 391 335 525 452 715 433 453 395 314 460 314 498 498 507 498 250 305 418 690 498 498 395 1038 459 339 867 498 468 498 498 250 250 418 418 498 498 905 450 705 391 339 850 498 395 487 226 326 498 507 498 507 498 498 393 834 402 512 498 306 507 394 339 498 336 334 292 550 586 252 307 246 422 512 636 671 675 463 579 579 579 579 579 579 763 533 488 488 488 488 252 252 252 252 625 646 662 662 662 662 662 498 664 642 642 642 642 487 517 527 479 479 479 479 479 479 773 423 498 498 498 498 229 229 229 229 525 525 527 527 527 527 527 498 529 525 525 525 525 453 525 453] I m from mechanical engineering and thanks alot to u sir to provide this article .It is very helpful to me and may be to all other students, When we provide continuous heat to water then at100, T-h diagram of formation of steam at constantpressure, Suppose the initial temperature of ice is a solid phase of water is-10, The graph is plotted between T and h. Lets start with point A at which ice is at temperature -10, The total heat content of a substance is called enthalpy. All reversible engines have ______ efficiencies. >> Water spray systems are usually installed in both the drywell and the wetwell. So the enthalpy of this dry steam will beh, . Entropy of evaporation. This process is called as entrainment. Besides, true liberal democracy is dead in the West where the so-called free press works hand in glove with the deep state and encourages censorship in media monopoly and internet platforms. /FirstChar 0 Supersaturated steam is also called as _________a) saturated steamb) single phase mixc) two phase mixd) none of the mentionedAnswer: cClarification: In supersaturated steam there is a mixture of two phases gaseous and liquid, so it is called a two phase mix. A Mollier diagram is a graphical representation of various thermodynamic properties of steam/air such as temperature, pressure, enthalpy and moisture content. In steam turbines the formation of wetness causes additional dissipation, blade erosion, and corrosion problems. Such a diagram is called a phase diagram for pure substance. When steam is transported dryness fraction _________a) increasesb) decreasesc) remains constantd) none of the mentionedAnswer: bClarification: When steam travels in pipeline its dryness fraction increases. /Subtype /TrueType Ifthat means dry steam is 0.9 kg and water vapour is 0.1 kg in 1 kg of given steam. The region under the saturation line comes under saturated region where liquid phase and vapour phase co exist and are in equilibrium with each other. Thermodynamic properties of 3.12. >> Not sure if I can say any names but the gentleman The region situated at left hand side of the saturation line is called as the sub cooled region. /Ascent 677 These curves represent the dryness fraction of the steam at any temperature and pressure. If 1 kg of wet mercury vapour contains 0.12 kg of droplets of liquid mercury, it has a dryness fraction of (1 0.12) = 0.88. Well, when the steam comes out of the pure steam generator, there are a number of reasons for the formation of wet steam in the pipes. The processes of dew formation do not endobj Compressed fluid means it is under a mechanical or thermodynamic condition that forces it to be below saturation conditions. Most Asked Technical Basic CIVIL | Mechanical | CSE | EEE | ECE | IT | Chemical | Medical MBBS Jobs Online Quiz Tests for Freshers Experienced . WebThis set of Steam and Gas Turbines Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on Wet and Supersaturated Steam. The velocityC2is similar to C1, so the change in the kinetic energy is neglected. (making use of the available solar energy) Geo-thermal power generation. d) none of the mentioned The boiling temperature is 100at one particular pressure that is 1 atm. How Disc Traps Work: A Look at their Mechanism and Merits. /XHeight 469 Wet steam is a mixture of steam and liquid water. whereall the liquid water has converted into steam. Candidates can prepare in the best way by following the SSC JE ME Best Books to crack the exam. WebArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. The dryness fraction of steam is defined as the ratio of the mass of dry steam in a certain quantity of steam to the mass of total wet steam. a) increases Engineering ToolBox - Resources, Tools and Basic Information for Engineering and Design of Technical Applications! If the changes in internal energy are reckoned from 0C, u0 will be zero and we get sensible heat-. Mechanical steam purifiers avoid a. The enthalpy of superheated water is much higher than that of sub cooled water. Corrosion B. Web36. Dry Saturated Vapor A dry saturated vapor is free from liquid particles. Dryness fraction lines are shown on T-S diagram of Fig. When steam is transported dryness fraction _________ Before uploading and sharing your knowledge on this site, please read the following pages: 1. b) wet steam Superheated means that the substance is heated above its saturation temperature. This situation continues until it reaches to a point called Wilson point. If, however, the steam has particles of water suspended in it, then it is called wet steam. Before studying about steam table of water, we will first understand the meaning of steam table, steam and its properties. Such a state of steam occurs in expansion in a nozzle. A substance, which is in the vapour state in a confined space and is in contact with some of the same substance in liquid state is always at the same temperature as the liquid and is saturated vapour. The lower portion of the diagram is the wet steam area, whilst the upper portion of the diagram represents the superheated condition of the steam. The dryness fraction of steam is defined as the ratio of the weight of dry steam in a certain quantity of steam to the weight of total wet steam. c) humidity in pipelines & accumulation of condensate Mollier Diagram or Total-Heat-Entropy or Enthalpy-Entropy Diagram (h-s Diagram). endobj WebA wet saturated vapor is a substance in the gaseous state which does not follow the general gas law. We know that to determine the temperature of any system, the thermometer must be brought to thermal equilibrium with an arbitrarily chosen standard system in an easily reducible state. This is so because of latent heat of fusion. /Subtype /TrueType This pressure drop through the system creates the flow of steam through the pipes. This is the difference for 0.5 bar pressure. The throttling calorimeter makes use of the fact that the enthalpy before throttling is the same as that after throttling, in order to determine the dryness fraction, x, of the steam passing through the calorimeter. This heat is utilized for increasing the internal energy of water. Before explaining how the throttling calorimeter works we first explain the process of throttling in some detail. A liquid in such a state will start vaporising completely leaving behind no liquid particles. Since, the temperature again remains constant andenthalpykeepincreasing, the heat absorbed during this is latent heat of vaporization. This website uses cookies and third party services. However, the long response time of continues emission monitoring system (CEMS) and the hardness of continuously monitoring the coal properties leads to the difficulties for The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. At D which is boiling point of water. Sensible heat = hf (uf uo) + P (vf a). The enthalpy added during the superheat phase is the superheat enthalpy. WebIf the water content of the steam is 5% by mass, then the steam is said to be 95% dry and has a dryness fraction of 0.95. Steam and Gas Turbines Multiple Choice Questions on Wet and Supersaturated Steam. Examss Mock Test, Saturated steam which may be either wet or dry. 8. 1 0 obj WebAll the bags of a lot should be arranged in a systematic manner. The temperature and pressure discussed in this article are under certain range only. If the temperature of the steam is greater than that of the boiling point or saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure of steam generation, the steam is known as superheated steam. believed sentence; peterbilt 359 coolant capacity; atg knees over toes program pdf; Related articles It is always, preferable to refer to the tables for accurate values. The change of entropy during any reversible process is defined as the ratio of heat added or rejected to the absolute temperature at which the heat is added or rejected. Phase Diagram for a Pure Substance 6. The next phase transformation i.e. b) single phase mix The critical point C where the curve BC ends is a state where liquid and vapour are indistinguishable. 9. The process of wet steam formation is called Priming. Webwet steam formation is called as. At this point, nucleation starts, the sub-cooled steam loses its latent heat, and very fine liquid droplets are formed. 3.9. SSC Railways State Exams Current Affairs Mock Test, AE & JE Mechanical Engg. Prohibited Content 3. Then this curve represents the entropy of superheated steam at pressure P1, for all temperatures for superheat. In this diagram, the evaporation lines bc at all pressure can be divided into ten equal parts. If saturated steam contains liquid particles, it is known as Wet Steam. Draw the curve ce through the points so obtained. /CapHeight 632 This condition of steam is obtained when it is cooled by its own expansion until it contains less heat energy than the saturated steam under the same conditions. /BaseFont /Calibri-Bold The wet steam is now isothermally compressed at constant temperature (T3) and pressure (p3) unit the whole steam is condensed into water. Terms in this set (8) What happens WebThe process of wet-steam formation is called [ ] a. Foaming b. priming c. corrosion d. caustic embrittlement. These curves or lines are known as constant dryness fraction lines. The use of two fixed points was found unsatisfactory, partly because of the difficulty of achieving equilibrium between pure ice and air-saturated water. d) none of the mentioned The units of entropy are reckoned from the freezing point of water. Wet steam is also known as supersaturated steam. WebThe dryness fraction of a wet steam may also be defined as the amount of dry steam in unit amount of the steam. The ratio of actual useful work to the maximum useful work is called ______. b) erosion /Type /FontDescriptor This process of wet steam formation is called priming. All the heat we are providing is actually increasing the energy of the molecules of the water not its temperature, thats why enthalpy increases but the temperature remains constantuptopoint C. Heat provided from point B to point C is hidden and cannot be measured using thermometer. /XHeight 447 The values given in the tables are for one kg of dry saturated steam but these values can also be employed for wet steam calculations. How Mechanical Traps Work: A Look at their Mechanism and Merits. /ItalicAngle 0 We usually think of clouds as being up in the sky, but when conditions are right, a cloud can form at ground level, too. Wet steam lowers the heat transfer c) Its soda alkalinity should be 0.45-1 ppm. 35,400/- to Rs. As this point is approached the latent heat of evaporation decreases. If some of the heat energy is absorbed from the dry saturated steam, the steam becomes wet. /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding