margaret hamilton biography margaret hamilton biography

Played Aunt Eva on the radio series Ethel and Albert in the 1940s and 1950s . She had three grandchildren, Christopher, Scott, and Margaret. During one interview, she joked: I was in need of money at the time, I had done about six pictures for MGM at the time, and my agent called. It is ironic that her performance as the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz (1939) was so scary to children, because her first job was as a kindergarten teacher. [4] They divorced in 1967 and Margaret married Dan Lickly two years later.[80][82]. City Without Men. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. , money, salary, income, and assets. I will return to work on one condition no more fireworks!" Hamilton's plain looks helped to bring steady work as a character actress. Later in the decade, she was in a little-known film noir, titled Bungalow 13 (1948), in which she again costarred opposite Cromwell. ..and your little dog, too!" The woman behind of cinema's most iconic villains, Cleveland-born Margaret . The contract was awarded just weeks before then-President John F. Kennedy announced that he planned to have humans on the moon by the end of the decade. While her acting career developed, her marriage began to fail; the couple divorced in 1938. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. In 1973, Hamilton produced the stage production of An Evening with the Bourgeoisie. In 1933, Hamilton was invited to repeat her stage role of the sarcastic daughter-in-law in the Broadway play Another Language for the MGM film version. Hamilton never remarried. She notably wrote software for a program to identify enemy aircraft. Her father, Thomas Storey, was the founder of the Stanford University School of Health. She subsequently directed and supervised the developments of the Skylab space station mission. Four years later, she obtained the Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics at Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana (USA). In March 1986, she founded Hamilton Technologies, Inc. in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Her name was clearly visible when the entire Apollo 11 source code was released on GitHub in 2016; according to MIT, the first full line of the software read, "SUBMITTED: MARGARET H. HAMILTON DATE: 28 MAR 69 / M.H.HAMILTON, COLOSSUS PROGRAMMING LEADER / APOLLO GUIDANCE AND NAVIGATION.". She later attended Hathaway Brown School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, and practiced acting doing children's theater while a Junior League of Cleveland member. Credit: Deansfa Marriage and family of Margaret Hamilton She was best known for her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West, and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, in the 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film The Wizard of Oz.[1]. and he said 'Maggie, they want you to play a part on the Wizard.' Margaret Hamilton, ne Margaret Heafield, (born August 17, 1936, Paoli, Indiana, U.S.), American computer scientist who was one of the first computer software programmers; she created the term software engineer to describe her work. She led a team that was tasked with developing the software for the guidance and control systems of the in-flight command and lunar modules of the Apollo missions. She is from USA. The company was developed around the Universal Language of Software Design Systems. We took our work seriously, many of us beginning this journey while still in our 20s. Margaret Hamilton had no trouble reconciling her career at NASA with her mothering role. August 17, 2016. The character is considered to be one of the screen's greatest and most memorable villains of all time. She later attended Hathaway Brown School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, and practiced acting doing children's theater while a Junior League of Cleveland member. [23] This included error detection and recovery software such as restarts and the Display Interface Routines (also known as the Priority Displays), which Hamilton designed and developed. The man had reached the Moon. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. For her work during this period, Hamilton has been credited with popularizing the concept of software engineering. Hamilton had prepared for just this situation years before: There was one other failsafe that Hamilton likes to remember. The crowning mission, Apollo 11 in July 1969, saw Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin descend all the way to the surface in the lunar module, safely return to the command module (piloted by Mike Collins) and make it home to Earth. By Maia Weinstock | MIT News Office Would spoof her famous role of The Wicked Witch of The West in a 1976 Paul Lynde Halloween Special for television. Phil Davis I guess for a minute they get the feeling they got when they watched the picture. ", is co-written with astronaut Dave Williams. Hamilton next worked at MITs Instrumentation Laboratory (now the independent Charles Stark Draper Laboratory), which provided aeronautical technology for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Devising, writing, testing, and testing these routines was quite commendable. "Hamilton was honored by NASA in 2003, when she was presented a special award recognizing the value of her innovations in the Apollo software development," NASA wrote in 2016. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Throughout the 1970s, Hamilton lived in New York City's Gramercy Park neighborhood and appeared on local (and some national) public-service announcements for organizations promoting the welfare of pets. Half a century ago, MIT played a critical role in the development of the flight software for NASAs Apollo program, which landed humans on the Moon for the first time in 1969. They liked to kid me about my radical ideas. She received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, presented on November 22, 2016 by the President of the United States, for her brilliant work during the Apollo missions in the 1960s. Profiled in "American Classic Screen Interviews" (Scarecrow Press). However, once there, she preferred to accept work at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), as a software developer. Margaret Hamilton's net worth "Hamilton contributed to concepts of asynchronous software, priority scheduling and priority displays, and human-in-the-loop decision capability, which set the foundation for modern, ultra-reliable software design and engineering," the citation for her medal read. In Wired magazine, she said in 2015 "I enjoyed school, but there was something about maths that I loved more than anything". The on-board flight software captured these alarms with the "never supposed to happen displays" interrupting the astronauts with priority alarm displays. Heres how it works. Mutual respect was across the board. There was no second chance. Margaret Heafield Hamilton was born on August 17, 1936, in Paoli, Indiana. We had to find a way and we did. Social Media Lead: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Margaret Hamilton (December 9, 1902 - May 16, 1985) was an American film actress known for her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Margaret Hamilton (December 9, 1902 - May 16, 1985) was an American film actress known for her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz. If the computer hadn't recognized this problem and taken recovery action, I doubt if Apollo 11 would have been the successful moon landing it was. During the 1960s and 1970s, Hamilton appeared regularly on television. Houston! Hamilton, M.; Hackler, W. R. (2004). and they continued. She was a distant cousin of Neil Hamilton, with whom she appeared in By Your Leave (1934). NASA was so impressed with the software used in Apollo that the basis of it was adapted for Skylab (the first U.S. space station), the space shuttle (which ran more than 100 successful missions in Earth orbit and two fatal failures between 1981 and 2011) and the first digital fly-by-wire systems in aircraft. Looking back, we were the luckiest people in the world; there was no choice but to be pioneers. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. [10] She also made personal appearances, and Hamilton described the children's usual reaction to her portrayal of the Witch: Almost always they want me to laugh like the Witch. Biography. In 1945, she played the domineering sister of Oz co-star Jack Haley in George White's Scandals, comically trying to prevent him from marrying actress Joan Davis, even going so far as to throw a hatchet at her. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. Hamilton and Ray Bolger were cast members in the 1966 fantasy film The Daydreamer, a collection of stories by Hans Christian Andersen. The Opportunity of a Lifetime. It meant that if Aldrin, say, hit a button on the priority display too quickly, he might still get a "normal" response. Dedication and commitment were a given. She was born on August 17, 1936, which makes Margaret Hamilton age be 82 years old as of now. She appeared in The Phil Silvers Show episode S2E20 Bilko Enters Politics (05 February 1957). She later attended Hathaway Brown School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, and practiced acting doing children's theater while a Junior League of Cleveland member. 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The couple then moved to Boston. She is best known for playing the Wicked Witch of the West in the 1939 movie The Wizard of Oz.In movies, she often played older, unmarried women from New England who was extremely practical but did not enjoy jokes. Anthony Oettinger,[53] Barry Boehm,[citation needed] and Hamilton have been credited with naming the discipline of "software engineering". MIT Museum: Margaret Hamilton Apollo Photos. She appeared on an episode of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood in 1975 where she explained to children she was only playing a role and showed how putting on a costume "transformed" her into the witch. Hamilton left MIT in the mid-1970s to work in the private sector. One of the many contributors to this effort was Margaret Hamilton, a computer scientist who led the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which in 1961 contracted with NASA to develop the Apollo programs guidance system. Margaret Elaine Hamilton (born Heafield on August 17, 1936) is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. In 2009, Margaret Hamilton and fellow MIT software engineers described what is was like to contribute to the Apollo missions 40 years after the famous Apollo 11 landing in the Moon's Sea of Tranquility in July 1969. For other people named Margaret Hamilton, see. We have a full Biography, Photos, Theatre Credits, and more! Elizabeth is also a post-secondary instructor in communications and science since 2015. For this Laboratory, she developed codes for new programming routines. The pipe exploded on the third take of the scene. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Later in life, she would comment on the role of the witch in a light-hearted fashion. Though only in her early '30s, the gloriously unpretty Hamilton subsequently . [4] She studied mathematics at the University of Michigan in 1955 before transferring to Earlham College, where her mother was a student;[7][8] she earned a BA in mathematics with a minor in philosophy in 1958. [3] She also wrote software for a satellite tracking project at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories. Without exaggeration, it could be said that the heroes of the arrival to the Moon were four: Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, Michael Collins and Margaret Hamilton. Elizabeth's reporting includes multiple exclusives with the White House and Office of the Vice-President of the United States, an exclusive conversation with aspiring space tourist (and NSYNC bassist) Lance Bass, speaking several times with the International Space Station, witnessing five human spaceflight launches on two continents, working inside a spacesuit, and participating in a simulated Mars mission. They married in the late 1950s, after she graduated in mathematics. Contrary to her character, one of the top villains in movie . So, how much is Margaret Hamilton worth at the age of 83 years old? After she recuperated, she said, "I won't sue, because I know how this business works, and I would never work again. While a decision was made in the moment to let the astronauts land, Hamilton pointed out that a fault analysis was done to see where the error was made. For her work, she was honored with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016. [2], Margaret Elaine Heafield was born August 17, 1936, in Paoli, Indiana,[3] to Kenneth Heafield and Ruth Esther Heafield (ne Partington). Hamilton was cast after Gale Sondergaard, who was first considered for the role, albeit as a more glamorous witch with a musical scene, declined the role when the decision was made that the witch should appear ugly.[6]. A complete set of recovery programs was incorporated into the software. She played Morticia Addams' mother, Hester Frump, in three episodes of The Addams Family. Margaret Hamilton. [81][80] She briefly taught high school mathematics and French at a public school in Boston, Indiana. Learn How rich is She in this year and how She spends money? Hamilton also appears as an unidentified flying witch during the tornado scene, which may have been the Wicked Witch of the West or her sister, the Wicked Witch of the East. In 1954, she graduated from Thomas Hancock High School in Minnesota. She became very concerned about the role's effect on children, and finally did a guest spot on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood (1968) to explain that the Witch was just a character in the film, and not herself. Margaret Hamilton, the actress whose role as the cackling Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz unnerved generations of children, died yesterday, apparently of a heart attack, at a nursing home in Salisbury, Connecticut. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Margaret-Hamilton-American-computer-scientist, Space.com - Margaret H. Hamilton: Apollo Computer Programmer, Wired - Her Code Got Humans on the Moon - And Invented Software Itself, Margaret Hamilton - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Margaret Hamilton - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Among them, there were 6 in which the man stepped on the floor of the Moon. !' five.[28]. It was July 20, 1969. A few months after filming Oz, she appeared in Babes in Arms (1939) as Jeff Steele's aunt, Martha, a society do-gooder who made it her goal to send the gang of child actors, led by Mickey Rooney and Judy Garland, to a work farm. At MIT, Margaret Hamilton was on the staff of the Draper Laboratory, founded in 1932 by Dr. Charles Stark Draper. and he said, 'What else? She was 82 years old. A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actress in films for seven years before she was offered the role that defined her public image. Margaret Brainard Hamilton (December 9, 1902 - May 16, 1985) was an American actress and educator. [47] In 1980, British-Israeli computer scientist David Harel published a proposal for a structured programming language derived from HOS from the viewpoint of and/or subgoals. In The Paul Lynde Halloween Special (1976), she portrayed Lynde's housekeeper, reprising the Wicked Witch role, as well as introducing Lynde to the rock group Kiss. It even printed out its answers in Latin and Greek. In 2019, she was awarded The Washington Award. According to Hamilton, this now-iconic image (at left, above) was taken at MIT in 1969 by a staff photographer for the Instrumentation Laboratory later named the Draper Laboratory and today an independent organization for use in promotion of the labs work on the Apollo project. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". I was the first one to get it to work. The computer (or rather the software in it) was smart enough to recognize that it was being asked to perform more tasks than it should be performing. The Directors verdict reached Neil on the radio: GO, Go ahead, free. The cookie settings on this website are set to "allow cookies" to give you the best browsing experience possible. Elizabeth holds a Ph.D. and M.Sc. [30][31][32] The program alarms indicated "executive overflows", meaning the guidance computer could not complete all of its tasks in real time and had to postpone some of them. Not because of his acceptance of the new 'term' per se, but because we had earned his and the acceptance of the others in the room as being in an engineering field in its own right. [27] The content of the programs was printed on continuous paper and stored in large folders. She spent 11 days in hospital and her legs were permanently scarred. Margaret Hamilton Career Profession: Computer Scientist, Systems Engineer and Business Owner Known For: Director of the "Software Engineering Division" of the "MIT Instrumentation Laboratory", which developed "On-board Flight Software for NASA's Apollo Space Program Debut: Film debut: These Three (1936) Movie poster Net Worth: $12 Million Approx Her net worth has been growing significantly in 2021-2022. A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actor in films for seven years before she was offered the role that defined her public image. Credit: Courtesy MIT Museum Margaret Hamilton's Apollo Code A brief history of the famous 1969 photo of the software that sent humans to the Moon. According to Wired's Karen Tegan Padir: "She, along with that other early programming pioneer, COBOL inventor Grace Hopper, also deserve tremendous credit for helping to open the door for more women to enter and succeed in STEM fields like software. A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actor in films for seven years before she was offered the role that defined her public image. Even with her extensive film career, Hamilton took roles in whatever medium she could get if she was free, making her soap opera debut as the nasty Mrs. Sayre on Valiant Lady, who schemed to prevent her daughter from marrying the heroine's son. Hamilton was concerned with legitimizing software development as an engineering discipline. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. [61] Hamilton talks about "Errors" and how they influenced her work related to software engineering and how her language, USL, could be used to prevent the majority of "Errors" in a system. [17], Hamilton's early experience as a teacher fueled a lifelong interest in educational issues. In the early 1970s, she joined the cast of another CBS soap opera, As the World Turns, on which she played Miss Peterson, Simon Gilbey's assistant. According to MIT, this was the first air defense system for the country and helped to push forward digital computing in the 1950s and 1960s. She cofounded the company Higher Order Software in 1976 and established Hamilton Technologies 10 years later. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio to Jennie and Walter Hamilton. Margaret H. Hamilton is a computer scientist who was instrumental to NASA's efforts to land humans on the moon in the 1960s and 1970s. One of the many contributors to this effort was Margaret Hamilton, a computer scientist who led the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which in 1961 contracted with NASA to develop the Apollo programs guidance system. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Margaret Dawn Hamilton AM (23 June 1941 - 24 November 2022) [1] was an Australian children's literature publisher who served as the National President of the Children's Book Council of Australia from 1991 to 1992 and as a National Board Member until April 2017 when she formally retired. At 83 years old, Margaret Hamilton height Margaret Hamilton was born on August 17, 1936. Hamilton and Morgan never share any scenes in Oz. "[64][65], In 2019, to celebrate 50 years to the Apollo landing, Google decided to make a tribute to Hamilton. Hamilton said: What they used to do when you came into this organization as a beginner, was to assign you this program which nobody was able to ever figure out or get to run. She was best known for her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West, and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, in the 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film The Wizard of Oz.A former schoolteacher, she worked as a character actress in . Your email address will not be published. margaret-hamilton-bio-wiki-age-family-net-worth-height-nationality-and-facts.html. According to Hamilton, this now-iconic image (at left, above) was taken at MIT in 1969 by a staff photographer for the Instrumentation Laboratory later named the Draper Laboratory and today an independent organization for use in promotion of the labs work on the Apollo project. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Managing Editor: It turned out that the astronaut checklist, which governed the actions the crew had to do before landing, had the crew set the rendezvous radar hardware switch in the wrong position. "The NASA Heritage of Creativity." [22][16] Another part of her team designed and developed the systems software. Hamilton had to recuperate in a hospital and at home for six weeks after the accident before returning to the set to complete her work on the film and refused to have anything further to do with fire for the rest of the filming. Pres. At the time, computer science and software engineering were not yet established disciplines; instead, programmers learned on the job with hands-on experience. She was severely burned during the "Surrender Dorothy!" Related: Apollo Coder and 'Apollo 13' Actor Receive Presidential Medals of Freedom, SpaceX scrubs Crew-6 astronaut launch due to ignition-fluid issue, Experience SpaceX's Crew-6 astronaut mission with these amazing photos, DNA from 4 American presidents will launch to deep space, Asteroid Ryugu is rich in organic molecules that can be building blocks of life, On This Day In Space: Feb. 26, 1966: 1st launch of Saturn 1B rocket, Your monthly guide to stargazing & space science, Subscribe today and save an extra 5% with code 'LOVE5', Issues delivered straight to your door or device. It was her code that enabled the human race to travel to the moon and back. Early life [ edit] [1] Her remains were cremated at Poughkeepsie Rural Cemetery, and her ashes were scattered in Amenia, New York.[20]. Elizabeth first got interested in space after watching the movie Apollo 13 in 1996, and still wants to be an astronaut someday. Biography. In the 1940s and 1950s, Hamilton had a long-running role on the radio series Ethel and Albert (or The Couple Next Door) in which she played the lovable, scattered Aunt Eva (name later changed to Aunt Effie). The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. The original caption, she says, reads: Here, Margaret is shown standing beside listings of the software developed by her and the team she was in charge of, the LM [lunar module] and CM [command module] on-board flight software team.. CAPE ISLAND Tour boat operators sometimes entertained their passengers by referring to Cape Island as "Witch's Island." That's because the primary resident there, during summers from 1961 to 1985, was Margaret Hamilton, the actor who played the Wicked Witch of the West and Elmira Gulch in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz.. A century earlier, she had a worthy British predecessor named Ada Lovelace. And it was at the age of 22 that she graduated from Earlham . Margaret Hamilton Storey (July 31, 1900 - October 18, 1960) was an American museum curator, herpetologist and ichthyologist.She worked for the Stanford University Natural History Museum for over 25 years. For her last stage role, she was cast as Madame Armfeldt in the Stephen Sondheim musical A Little Night Music, singing the song "Liaisons" for the national tour costarring with Jean Simmons as her daughter Desiree. Daneman's nephew refused to meet Hamilton because even though he understood she was an actress, he thought it was still possible she really was like the character in the movie. Her Gramercy Park neighbor Sybil Daneman reported that Hamilton loved children but they were often afraid to meet her because of her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz. [18] In 1979, she was a guest speaker at a University of Connecticut children's literature class.