what does 46 mean in hebrew what does 46 mean in hebrew

INT: of the galloping hoofs of his stallions the tumult of his chariots . What video game is Charlie playing in Poker Face S01E07? Let us not forget that the name Jesus was not a foreign-sounding word to Mary and Joseph. Finally, it is important to note that odd numbers are considered lucky; even numbers (especially pairs) are considered bad luck. I veer towards orthodox judaism, so we don't pretty much depend on English translations, so I guess I would have to direct the same question to progressive Judaism. He gathered 72 elders of Israel and sequestered them in 72 different houses.1 He visited each of them and said, "Translate for me the book of Moses your teacher." Miraculously, each Sage's translation was identical even though each, independently, had made certain changes in the translation. The term is most likely derived from proto-Semitic (y*), and it appears in Aramaic personal names like Hadad Yithi, which means Because Hadad is my father.. for thou art running for thy soul. NAS: hoofs of his stallions, The tumult. The translations of the words and expressions are illustrated by examples and in the Collaborative Dictionary you will discover slang terms, technical translations, familiar words and expressions, regionalisms that are difficult to find in the traditional online dictionaries. With time, the young idealist managed to convince rabbis and teachers to use Hebrew in schools to teach not only religious subjects, but all of them. With the exception of the NASB, giving a much more precise translation. A gift from God is referred to as Mikelle or Mikell. excluding gutturals and, Used to indicate a question. Those conversations likely happened in Hebrew, considering this was the language of the Holy Scriptures. pr.n. Aloades, Ote and Ephialte are especially known to have tried to climb the sky by piling the mounts ones on the others. to cut off; divide; measure; bind together; be strong, valiant; a dividing; ell or cubit; mighty men, warriors. in Genesis 1:10. Todah (toe-DAH) . The fruit of his great dedication and persistent work is a seventeen-volume New Hebrew Dictionary, first of its kind, published in 1908. Did God really speak Hebrew to the first people He created? "Know ye not that ye are the temple of God, and. This page was last edited on 9 August 2022, at 20:26. It was the common tongue of the people in the region at the time. The region and polygon don't match. The 46 books which are included in the Old Testament of the Bible of Jerusalem. Nevertheless, God continues to reveal His truths to us. to flow or run; to sound aloud, shout; to bring; a stream; a blast, signal; the Jubilee. third person, singular, feminine, future tense. Thus the Book of the Great Name advises its readers to abstain from sleeping in ones own bed for 40 days and nights after using the book, mimicking the time Moses spent away from camp while he received the Ten Commandments (Genesis 7; Exodus 24; I Samuel 17:16; I Kings 19:8; Gittin 39b, 40a; Sotah 34a). Other Hebrew boys names in the top 100 in the United States include Asher, Adam, Asher, Caleb, Elijah, Isaac, Levi, Nathan, and Samuel, as well as Noah and Jacob. The first stanza (verses 1-3) introduces G-d, our shelter from trouble. This latter less passive sense seems to be what was understood by some of the Church Fathers when reading the Psalm, who see in the Psalm's directive a urging to withdraw from worldly things. Verse 2 of Genesis 46 is one of ten places in the Bible where a name, in this case Jacob, is repeated twice next to each other. "Mother" --- an alternate name. A Biblical Hebrew Reference Grammar (electronic ed., p. 236). a coming in, entering; an entrance; setting. Sorry. Regarding having cited the Septuagint and the Church Fathers, I was responding, I thought, to your question "Christianity is holding evidence that "Be still" is a better translation. For example, the name David would be spelled in Hebrew. Hebrew for gratitude or acknowledgement, this is the modern word for "thank you.". It means "what a shame". All the blessings above are unique to our generation. In Proverbs 3:3 and 16:6, are the NRSV/RSV/REB/CSB Bibles justified in their translation of "chesed" as "loyalty?". There, they realized that choosing any Western language for communication could create unnecessary conflicts. (Stands for for Sherut Habitakhon Haklali, or General Security Service.) The yud above represents Gd, Who is above (or beyond) our comprehension.In comparison to His true essence, our understanding is a mere dot. "Fat".--- a strong ram or buck; stag, hart.--- to knit or twist together; to be strong, mighty. . It also appears in mystical texts, usually as an element of purification. "Timid" or "Shy" of the mother of the tribes of Dan and Naphtali. Rather He told him to "Don't be uptight that I am destroying those people. that thy heart is nerved14. Although the New Testament was written in Greek, the context remains the same. stretch, measure; middle; extension, greatness; tribute; garment, carpet; measure. ", here addressed to the nations. Be still, and know Seven is a factor in many occult elements and events. We can connect with Israel and Hebrew speakers easily. The practice of gematria, or the spiritual interpretation of numbers, is onetechnique for understanding sacred texts. And since we are talking about names. If a law is new but its interpretation is vague, can the courts directly ask the drafters the intent and official interpretation of their law? The possible meaning of the number 46 is derived from both facts about Scripture and the history behind some of its events. What is your name written in Hebrew? Selah (verses 1 - 2, 7). let go, because in the stillness that follows our full attention turns to the infinite one. Is it a bug? pr.n. Why do the Christian bibles translate it as Be still? https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prefixes_in_Hebrew&oldid=1103472245. (Jn 2,20). destruction; lack, nought, nothing; without. to wrap together, twist, bind; to bind, pledge; act torturously; to wound, to hurt, to destroy; to overthrow; writhing. Dan, Rachels servant Bilhahs son and the founder of the tribe of Israel, is one of twelve sons of Jacob. The Old Testament and the New Testament are full of special Hebrew names. Shalom (shah-LOME) . Which is the most common Hebrew name in every country? Ezra and Nehemiah are one book. a blast, a loud shout, sound or signal; "Jubilant"; river, stream; the Jubilee. they are spoken not for thine ears only, but that by faith thou mayest unfailing in heaven. Now the commandment is indeed for our salvation, to hide; to dig; pr.n. It offers you quick access to synonyms, pronunciation and conjugation of a word, By adding words or expressions to the online dictionaries you can position yourself as a language expert, If you don`t know a word meaning you can start a discussion on it, or ask for its Hebrew English translation. inspired Scripture, by means of which we learn the path which leads Up to this point the psalm is descriptive. Landons clothes were subjected to a second residue test by Frankie. Does Nations Liking Modern Israel Fulfill Biblical Prophecy? "Could you pair down the question" - Pare down. On top of that, we need to be mindful of the fact that Jesus lived in cities full of foreigners. to burn or flame; to conceal, to use secret arts or sorcery; a flame, flashing sword blade. Amos is regarded as one of the Old Testaments twelve minor prophets, and he wrote the Book of Amos. Four is a recurrent number in both exoteric and esoteric Jewish traditions. How Did Paul Defile Jerusalems Temple. Reprinted with permission from the The Encyclopedia of Jewish Magic, Myth, and Mysticism (LlewellynWorldwide). His activities occurred during the reign of King Ahab of Israel and his Phoenician-born queen Jezebel from the ninth century BC. Thou art running for thyself, see to thine own interest. Ariel, Delilah, Eliana, Eva, Maya, and Naomi are among the top 200 Hebrew names for girls in the United States, according to the United States Census Bureau. It is also the only book that has exactly forty-six verses. There are 12 tribes of Israel (10 of which must be restored), 12 months in the year, and 12 houses of the zodiac (Genesis 27:20, 25:16; Exodus 24:4, 25:27; Ezekiel 43:16;Yoma 75b, 77b; Taanit 25a; Hullin 95). Paul ended up taking Silas on his second missionary tour while Barnabas had John Mark accompany him to revisit Cyprus (Acts 15:36 - 40). Commentary on the Gospel According to St. Luke, Sermon CVIII. The 46 books which are included in the Old Testament of the Bible of Jerusalem. 2002-2023 My Jewish Learning. For the ones performing professional . http://www.lutheran-hymnal.com/lyrics/tlh651.htm, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. Bearing in mind the frequency of disagreement between Christian, Jewish translators and Linguists on the meaning of words - such that the choice of translation of the Jewish section of the Bible must be subjected to the interpretation due to the theological assertions of 1st century Christian scriptures. and to fix our desires upon the better and holy life, setting Perhaps, it is to ensure the continued meaning of the wonderful hymn that I enjoy humming frequently? The name YHWH, consisting of the sequence of consonants Yod, Heh, Waw, and Heh, is known as the tetragrammaton. This isn't a call to be quiet, it's a command to stop fighting. "Beloved of Yah" --- a name of Solomon the Son of David. The Hebrew root is yda`, which covers a semantic field similar to that of English to know. . Paul turned 46 years old in 48 A.D. while he was living in Syrian Antioch. To understand the number six, we need to understand the vav - , which is the Hebrew letter representing six. man into the kingdom of God. For as long as a man lives in wealth and the harp of the Psalmist; Be constant[*], and know that I am God. Jun 18, 2017 at 17:47. This is a Hebrew word for a dimpled field. On this basis, I assumed you were seeking opinions based on a Christian hermeneutic, but it seems I was mistaken. So, what does your English name mean in Hebrew? things which are of earth chiefly, and unwilling to withdraw itself To do this, we use the Hebrew alphabet to find the names closest match. According to the Counter Terrorism Unit, Rodney Landon was never arrested. The Bible is replete with things grouped in sevens. However, the question is what does mean? If you have travelled to Israel, you know how much a trip like that enhances your comprehension of Scripture. The word "Hebrew" in the Hebrew language is (Ivrie). ; whatever, somewhat; from, out of. Recovering from a blunder I made while emailing a professor. The first stanza (verses 1-3) introduces G-d, our shelter from trouble. Why is Elohim translated as God rather than gods in Genesis 1:1? The construction of the sanctuary of Jews lasted 46 years. This is the name of Joktans son in the Old Testament. Scroll down to find out! We know the Bible can be hard to understand and you want to get more out of it. The languages Yiddish and Judeo-Spanish are both Hebrew-German hybrid languages. the praises of flatterers; longs for beautiful equipments, and counts Since we don't have the latter, we rely on the former as well as other sources that point to earlier Hebrew texts than those consulted by the Masoretes. It is derived from the name of a type of flowering plant found in Israel known as the scarlet pimpernel, which means dew drop in Hebrew. Baby boy names such as Uri, Ariel, Noam, and Eitan are popular among Jews in Israel. Comprised of the Mishnah and the Gemara, it contains the opinions of thousands of rabbis from different periods in Jewish history. The Midrash 2 quotes three opinions as to where this name comes from: A hook is something that holds two things together. His name in Hebrew is Yeshua, which literally means "Salvation." It was a powerful word, but it was not unfamiliar. The yud below represents a Yid or YehudimJewish . According to Sefer Yetzirah, 32 is the number of the wonderful ways of wisdom, the number of organizing principles that underlie the universe. Male children are circumcised on the eighth day (Genesis 17). Did Jesus Speak Hebrew? More meanings for . tenth adjective. He encountered Greeks and Romans on His path, as we know from the Gospels. but the mind of man is very weak, fixed constantly, so to speak, upon force, might; exceedingly, very; energetically, quickly. But before we share what they are, lets answer the question WHY. It is thus that much more poignant whenever the word salvation yeshua appears in the Old Testament! In Hebrew, the letters that form those prefixes are called "formative letters" (Hebrew: , Otiyot HaShimush). Story. With the use of the Hebrew language God revealed Himself to mankind. I really don't care much about the septuagint, or church fathers. They were later the parents of the Virgin Mary, according to visions of Mary Agreda. Today, it is the official language of a country and the native tongue of about five million people. If Jesus was the second Adam, could He also be called the second man, as the head of mankind? Did you know in Hebrew that each letter has it's own meaning and when you put each letter together you can come . And "Jesus is forever". How do I align things in the following tabular environment? To that I would ask - Wasn't Koine Greek a more colloquialized derivative of classical Greek? Which, coincidentally, that is what God made Adam out of. Entities both natural (gold) and supernatural (angels) are often grouped by sevens (I Enoch 20; II Enoch 19). Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press. Joash became the youngest monarch to rule Judah or Israel when he was crowned, at the age of seven, in 835 B.C. limit, bound, edge, margin; a bounded district. to roll; a revolving; age; exultation, joy. Although it did not come easy, most of the inhabitants, in many cases thanks to their religious upbringing, were able to communicate with Ben Yehuda. 13:21). Psalm 23 - long long pursuit of the house of the LORD. All Rights Reserved, The Encyclopedia of Jewish Magic, Myth, and Mysticism. vegan) just to try it, does this inconvenience the caterers and staff? A persons name refers to his or her character, who breathes. Does a summoned creature play immediately after being summoned by a ready action? The first Hebrew first names began appearing after the Exile to Babylon. Pronunced: TORE-uh, Origin: Hebrew, the Five Books of Moses. Congregation or congregrations? The name My is a girls name that means bittersweet; wished-for child. My is a pretty sounding word, but it is too common of an English word to be used as a baby name. (2Kings 11). The Bible is replete with things grouped in sevens. receivest little; but if thou hast wrought much, the reward is great. free (for prayer), for thine own souls sake? Relax, go on with your business, go where you need to go, stay where you need to stay and stop being tense. When searching for a word, you get as results translations from the general dictionary, and words and expressions added by users. The second stanza (4-5) contrasts the tumult of the nature with the quiet of a river that will in the future flow through the city of G-d. The Hebrew name for the laurel flower is asaphrodite, which means crown of laurel. The Hebrew word *kinnor* means harp because of its shape. We read that young Jesus debated the scholars in the Holy Temple for several days. He responds: Rest in knowing me. Your tone is pugnative, and your assumptions of what those who disagree with you might say coupled with your rebuttals of those responses do not suit themselves well for this site. Another Hebrew word for luck, mazal, equals 77. Estera Wieja is a journalist, book author and public speaker, focused on the topics of Israel, Jewish history, and Judeo-Christian culture. The Meaning Of Your English Name In Hebrew, How To Learn Chinese Language From Bangla Pdf, What Language To Learn For Open Source Cms, The Different Channels Of Nonverbal Communication, Many Students Find That They Can Learn Language Fluency By Using Technology. James, Joseph, and John are the most common boy names with Hebrew origins. Four is also a common factor in esoteric interpretations: four angels surround the Throne of Glory, there are four kingdoms of the eschaton, and the famous four Sages who enter Paradise. The name is thought to have originated in the ninth century, when it referred to a hill or a ridge. The number 24 symbolizes abundance. According to R. Allendy, it is the Karma, 6, in cycles of the nature, 40. Series ReferencesNumber in Scripture: Its SupernaturalDesign and Spiritual Significance, Quotes related to themeaning of the number 46 taken fromHoly Bible Faithful Version (HBFV). A Hebrew word for luck, gad, equals seven in gematria. In the Old Testament, the wicked son of Joktan is portrayed as a prophet. I don't think the Scripture is leaning in the direction of passivity. the Saviour has Himself somewhere said of them, How hardly shall they Intoxicating is a common Gaelic term that is Anglicized to Medb. For the ones performing professional translations from Hebrew to English, the specialized terms found in our dictionary are very helpful. Is that of any significance? @Cynthia Using the rules of formation where the word derives its meaning from the combined metaphor of the letters: means hearing the revelation of mystery distinctly . Don't worry because I am. English Translation. Like Latin, Ancient Greek or Classical Chinese, Biblical Hebrew existed only in writing. heavenly treasure. HEB: . What is the correct way to screw wall and ceiling drywalls? Be still, my soul; the Lord is on thy side; Be still, my soul; thy God doth undertake, Be still, my soul, though dearest friends depart, Be still, my soul; the hour is hastening on. The Meaning of Numbers: The Number 46 The possible meaning of the number 46 is derived from both facts about Scripture and the history behind some of its events. It may not display this or other websites correctly. This is a number cluster that signals the fulfillment of Gods plans (Amos 1; Daniel 7:25). It also can be used for both "hello" and "goodbye.". Interestingly, if you break the number down - it means "For Eternity" - the number 8 is an infinity symbol. Relax, why don't I make your descendants a people instead?". In Hebrew, the word Dekel refers to a palm tree. If the superlative were the case, Jewish Christians would understand it to mean Paul was the most Hebrew that one could be, and he defends this in the verses that follow. to be great, much, numerous; magnitude or multitude, a number or amount; a hundred; before. He and Barnabas, after his first missionary journey ended in the fall of 46 A.D., spent almost three years in the city helping the fledgling Antioch church to grow. done in word or in deed, by night or by day; confess in an acceptable [9] Strong's Lexicon yom is Hebrew #3117 [10] The word Yom's root meaning is to be hot as the warm hours of a day. Matthew 12:44), is used elsewhere in Scripture to convey a sort of focused silence, as in prayer: 1 Corinthians 7:5 (KJV 1900) 46. abir Strong's Concordance abir: strong Original Word: Part of Speech: Adjective Masculine Transliteration: abir Phonetic Spelling: (aw-beer') Definition: strong NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin from the same as abar Definition strong NASB Translation Mighty One (6). Landon was said to be leaving prison as a result of snitching on other inmates. 2. The Greek translation of the Bible, the first to make it available to the gentile, was done by 70 Jewish scholars, who, though working separately, produced 70 identical translations. The foundational words like Adam and the rich ones like Yeshua (Jesus) they all invite us to discover the depth of Gods word. In such a case: It then becomes a mark of the hand of God of the text itself and not just 1 or two random coincidences. It is thus that much more poignant whenever the word salvation - yeshua - appears in the Old Testament! It only takes a minute to sign up. Even though it is primarily associated with English, the name Landon is not exclusive to those who live in that region. The second application is in the first occurrence of the word , Hebrew in Genesis 14:13, where Abram is called Hebrew. As a BetterHelp affiliate, we may receive compensation from BetterHelp if you purchase products or services through the links provided. See more. Explore shalom. What is interesting is that 1 Corinthians is the 46th book of the Protestant Bible. Born and raised in Poland, Estera is a regular contributor to "Our Inspirations" magazine in Poland. (John 1:1). Mother-city, metropolis; a foundation; fore-arm. More and more believers today study the Bible and wonder, am I getting the complete understanding of the Hebrew words? What is that evidence, I pray thee? According to the New Testament, Jesus is descended from God. "Yah is Glorious" --- name of the mother of Moses. There is no one-to-one correspondence between English and Hebrew names. there!, if now! Traversing, passing, or crossing over . Hebrew English dictionary with thousands of words and phrases. pr.n. Which is why we want to teach you selected Hebrew words that will transform the way you read the Bible. I came across something awhile back, that said the number 48 would be associated with the returning Messiah. According to some Greek sources, kathran is derived from the root of katharos pure, making it an equivalent to Katherine in Hebrew. removal, a putting aside, besides, except. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? I suppose it is an issue of whether one wants to interpret the Masoretic Text or the original Hebrew text. of all voluptuousness. Excuse thyself from talking ; whether-or; no, not; if. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. I found 20 other instances in the forms . It loves vain boasting; is soothed much by Really amazing and great article brother! equally to all, the communion of the Holy Ghost is bestowed in Too colloquial? pr.n. Landon is a Christian name that means landon, Landon, which means landon in Christian context; Landon is also a Christian name that means landon in Christian context. Why don't they translate it more precisely as "relax", or "let it be"? During their travels they preach on the island of Cyprus and then in the Asia Minor cities of Antioch, Iconium, Lystra and Derbe. straight unto every good and saving thing. to be honored, renowned; to be great or chief, to be noble; excellency, preciousness. A word like Zakah, also spelled Zakiya, Zakia, Zakiyah, or Zakayah, is a Hebrew expression that means pure. Etc. to hide, conceal; to be sticky or tough; a covering or veil; pr.n. What does mean in Hebrew? Jesus was born with a Hebrew name and in a hebraic culture. Where, if anywhere is Psalms 22:16 in Qumran Dead Sea Scroll 4Q88/4QPs f? What Is The Difference Between Theoretical Linguistics And Applied Linguistics. To me, it is spiritually important that people get the message clearly that their Creator is telling them to "relax" rather than "be stiff and shaddup". to open up, reveal; cause to migrate, lead away captive. Note that the Cambridge NEB translates "Let it be", though probably not in the sense that the Beatles intended, more likely in the sense of "Drop it buddy, let it be!". Forty appears many times in the Bible, usually designating a time of radical transition or transformation. to will, wish; to be dull, foolish; to be wry; to be in front, to begin. Follow Up: struct sockaddr storage initialization by network format-string. A Scandinavian name similar to this name refers to a wild boar, and a Hebrew name that refers to a distant relative refers to a distant relative. Names that are repeated twice are also, in the KJV, found in Genesis 22:11, Exodus 3:4, Luke 10:41, Matthew 23:37 and Mark 15:34. He assumed the throne to replace the evil Queen Athaliah (daughter of King Ahab and Jezebel) who had seized power over Judah. The Tabernacle was dedicated in an eight-day ceremony. Naturally, of course, the JPS has the most precise translation - and perhaps, the Beatles read the Hebrew Bible while they authored their song "Let it be". His name in Hebrew is Yeshua, which literally means Salvation. It was a powerful word, but it was not unfamiliar. A names power and value has long been revered in prose, poetry, and religious ceremonies. not of course that which was ministered by Moses, but rather the whole The first man was called Adam, which in Hebrew simply means man. Eizeh Basa - You hear this a lot in Israel. "We, who've been connected by blood to Prussia's throne and people since Dppel", Replacing broken pins/legs on a DIP IC package. Three years after 46 A.D., when another missionary journey was being planned, a heated discussion erupted between Paul and Barnabas. Several Jewish holidays are seven days long, and . The first person to be called a Hebrew was Abraham, 1 and the name commonly refers to his descendants, known as the Jewish people. to hang about, to be torn; to be mended in pieces or patches. There are many ways to translate names from English to Hebrew, but the most accurate way is to use the sound of the name. It is easy for Westerners to associate thoughts and emotions with the mind, but they do not see the same function in the breath as the Easterners. No books in the King James translation have exactly 46 chapters. It is safe to assume that He must have known some Greek or even Latin. God requires 10 righteous individuals in Sodom to avert divine punishment, and 10 men constitute a traditional minyan, a spiritual community (Genesis 18, 24:10;Exodus 26:1; Daniel 7:7-24). The Septuagint Greek translated the Hebrew into (scholasate). There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the meaning of a name in Hebrew can vary depending on the origin of the name and the specific cultural context in which it is used. For He also says by European languages had a large stock of prefixes for technical terminology mostly taken from Greek and Latin. to be smooth, bare, bald; make bald, shear, shave; devastate. in Deuteronomy 9:14. to creep, glide; to slink away, be timid. Is it plausible for constructed languages to be used to affect thought and control or mold people towards desired outcomes? In Hebrew, it is referred to as *. We have a sea of knowledge at our fingertips. Besides the Creation and the exalted status of the Sabbath, the seventh day, there are seven laws of Noah and seven Patriarchs and Matriarchs. to stretch out, to measure; to mete out; to requite, flight, a fleeing or passing away. Also, February 17th is the 48th day of the year. All rights reserved. How can I explain to my manager that a project he wishes to undertake cannot be performed by the team? The walls of Jericho fall after the Israelites encircle it seven times. In the Koran, it is mentioned: "The dream of the believer represents the forty sixth part of the prophecy". Please remember that in the original texts there were no chapter and verse divisions; and that in the OT there are only 22 books. (It should not be confused with the Hebrew word 'sela`' () meaning "rock", or in an adjectival form, "like a . Seven is one of the greatest power numbers in Judaism, representing Creation, good fortune, and blessing. backbiters; but rather be prompt to prayer. Number of times in the Old Testament where parents allot a name to a nascent baby: on forty six cases, the mother designates the name of the child twenty eight times, and the father eighteen. A couple of Christians I spoke to have defended the translations as saying "Be Still" means "to relax". Behold the scene in John 2: [Jesus said] "Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up." The Jews then said, "It took forty-six years to build this temple, and will You raise it up in three days?" But He was speaking of the temple of His body. While Hebrew traditionally did not use this kind of prefixes, professionals in the Yishuv who started to teach and work in Hebrew were used to this terminology, and incorporated most of these prefixes into Hebrew. For this reason, 18 is considered the luckiest number. But here also we could look at the Hebrew and draw another conclusion. It is the number of days of the Lent starting from the Ash Wednesday - fourth day of the week - to Easter, including six Sundays which were not days of penances according to the ancient Church. For goodness' sake, Bible translations should simply use the word "relax" to correspond to the Hebrew. Landon stabbed the man in the chest with a shiv. When used with the Bet, Kaf or Lamed prepositional prefix it is omitted; instead the vowel on the preposition is changed. In modern history, the Jewish people made several attempts to revive Hebrew as a spoken language.